Energy for Community
An installation of demonstration and innovation systems in the Green Energy Park is intended to serve as a practical model for the community and become an up to date technology. There are eleven systems installed at the Energy for Environment Centre as follow:
1. Solar Dryer
The greenhouse solar dryer room is created on the basis of the greenhouse principle. To illustrate, when the sunlight shine inside through the glass or plastic, the plant and the various elements within the greenhouse absorbed it and changed into heat materials in the house then radiate an infrared but cannot come out through the glass, thus, heat up the greenhouse and transfer heat to products. The developed greenhouse solar dryer room used Polycarbonate instead of glass, since it can be easily bended, light and sunlight can shine through it well. It also has a fan, which works with solar cell and a fan installed in the system to force the air flow through the system and flow in the direction you want. Hot air flowing through the fan and dryer room has a lower humidity than the crop, thus brought moisture from the crop and dry it. This Solar dryer is suitable for dry spices like chilli and kaffir lime leaves, but also suitable for other products such as bananas, dried seafood and so on. Dryers can dry fresh products up to 250-300 pounds. The temperature of the air inside the dryer is in the range of 40 to 70 degrees Celsius during the hours of 9.00 – 17.00. The drying time will take about 3-4 days.
2. Solar Car
The small car that uses electric power together with solar power has four seats, two sections installed 340-watt solar cell panels on the roof of the vehicle. Weight is about 200 kg and payload of 400 kg with 48 volt drive motor.
Solar car is a small solar power car that can reduce petrol and electricity consumption. The solar power converts solar energy from the sunlight into electrical energy stored in batteries and bring electric power from the battery to the DC electricity motor through pulse width control signal to control the power then able to control the speed of the vehicle.
3. Hot Water from Air Conditioning System
The principle is that while the air conditioning is running, a temperature of refrigerant from the compressor will rise and release the heat to lower temperatures, for example uses the wind to release the heat in the same way as the heat transfer from the condensing unit in houses. Water heating system from air conditioning can bring the heat which left at the condenser to utilise by exchange the heat with water, then, the water is heated up until it is hot by connecting cycle of refrigerant liquid pipe of the air conditioning system.
In order to bring the heat from the air conditioning to generate the hot water, it is needed to use the heating system from the thermal conductivity of liquid refrigerant in the air conditioning system to transfer the heat to the water at a reasonable rate. This system will bring the heat from the refrigerant at a hot gas condition , when it leaves compressor and go through a series of heat exchangers with liquid water , then will cool down refrigerant liquid which has a high temperature (about 80-90 ° C). At the same time, the water in the storage tank is heated and the air condition can be cooled faster. The compressor will work more efficient which can help to cool down the room. The compressor work less, thus using less electricity and saving electricity expense of air conditioning , prolong the life of the air conditioning and hot water received can applied to consumer without the use of an electric water heater.
4. Solar stove system
Solar stove is equipment for combining light to increases the heat. The level of the heat depends on the shape and the percentage of the reflection of surface plates. Shape that can combine optical the most is a parabolic shape. The reflective material is available from a mirror to the aluminum foil. Aluminum foil can use as a reflector in many forms, such as a box or a panel, depends on the design. Solar stove system can be used for a hot water stove or cooking stove, such as grilling, boiling and frying.
5. Solar Drying System
Details of 1 set of solar dryers in 15 kg size are as follows:
– Dimensions (W x D x H) 1x2x1.2 sq.m.
– 2 trays at 1×1 sq.m. size
– Capacity of 15 kg. at a time
– A rust-proof steel frame
– Clear glass at 5 mm. thickness
6. Solar Hot Water System
A solar heating water system consists of two main parts: 1) the radiation combined with 2 layer thickness of panel radiant heat tube vacuum type. When it absorb the heat by absorber of radiation coating inside a glass tube with a copper rod into the water tank and the heat exchange occur, heat the water temperature from 60 to 90 ° C approximately. This system provides consistently heat and does not cause the slag in the glass tube. The intensity of the heat in each day will determine the water temperature. 2) The hot water tank is a tank with two walls. It can store the heat for about 2-3 days. Many sizes of the tanks are available to suit the users.
7. Gasifier System for Gasification of Biomass
The gasifier technology is a Fixed bed Gasifier type. The stove is suitable for use. The four main components of the system is a gas stove biomass, fuel feed system, primary gas cleaning system and other equipment such as exhaust fans, gas burners.
The gasification Biomass (Gasifier) operating concept with an air flow type is the combustion of fuel in a limited amount of air to cause some heat to catalyze the other reactions and turn the solid fuel into flammable gaseous fuel which is carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane etc. The System can be used as fuel instead of gasoline in internal combustion engines such as motor gasoline and diesel. In addition, it can be used as a power mechanical to generate electricity or pump water or drive machinery in agriculture for rural area. Therefore, remote farmers can produce electricity for their own use or to be used as fuel to provide heat for cooking or as a fuel to the boiler in industrial factories.
8. Small Biogas Systems
In anaerobic conditions, anaerobic microbes will convert organic matter into methane decomposition, carbon dioxide and water which is called an anaerobic digestion. The Production of Biogas from organic waste based on anaerobic decomposition principle. This is the fermentation process of organic waste in a sealed tank where anaerobic bacteria decompose organic waste into biogas. The major components are methane and carbon dioxide and ended product is a Soil Conditioner or organic fertilizer. The System can be used directly as fuel for cooking likes LPG or as a substitute for charcoal and firewood or as an engine to generate electricity or pump water. It can use as a substitute for gasoline or diesel fuel to or provide light to the lamp or the burner to produce steam for industrial use or burned for heat in the manufacturing process. The System can also help reduce the environmental problems of odors and toxic gas, do not cause interference stench and breeding germs. It can reduce emissions of methane to the atmosphere, minimize water quality problems in natural sources of water and able to use the decomposition of the system as a liquid fertilizer. A sludge through the digestion can also applied as fertilizer to improve quality of soil.
9. Wind Turbine
Wind Turbine works when the wind blows through the turbine. Kinetic energy from the wind turns turbine’s blades to rotate and becomes the mechanical energy and the spinning turbine is converted into electrical energy. The generator which is connected to the axis of the wind turbine supplies electricity through the electrical control system, then supplies to the system. The volumes of produced electricity depend on the speed of the wind, the length of the blade and the location of wind turbines. When electricity was produced by wind turbines, it will be sent to the control unit. At this control unit, the AC power is converted to DC power in order to storage in the battery. Applications can use the DC power directly from the battery. The accumulated can be done through the DC power directly from the battery or power through a series of inverters AC power adapter to apply to the general home appliances.
Wind turbines installed at the Energy for Environment Centre are for electricity generation purpose. There is one set of a 400 watt wind turbine. The electricity generation by one fully charged battery for lighting during the night and three sets of 1 kW wind turbine.
10. Hydropower Generation System Model
Hydropower Generation System Model reproduced 5 meters high water fall model and connects the pipe from the top to below of the water fall to connect the 1 kW water turbine power to Pelton turbine type. The water flows through the pipe will pass the head rolled to increase the pressure to the water and injected directly into the turbine blades and makes the turbine rotates. When the turbine spins, it makes the axis of the generator rotate too and the electricity is out.
11. Solar Tracking System
A system that makes solar panels moves follow the sun from morning to evening automatically ,then receive the sunlight and converted into solar electrical energy even more. The Water Weight Tracking System uses water as an intermediate to weight. A set of sensor acts as a detector to detects the position of the sun and send to the control system to send water out of the weighted. The capacity of 370 watts, with 2 panels in 185 watts each.
